![]() but usually looks like it desperately needed a thorough graphical refreshment. second, slightly older Lancia Delta, or a less powerful Audi Quattro), while two of them are part of a day-one DLC. However, there are overall just five new vehicles, and some slightly altered variants introduced for cars available before (e.g. It looked very promising when Nacon and KT Racing announced they will be adding Mitsubishi and Subaru historic models (finally!), among others. Things don't get better when it comes to new cars. Moreover, three of those “historic” stages are borrowed from contemporary rallies (you can even see modern vans left out in Monte Carlo “allegedly1984”). For instance, we have Acropolis Rally 1973, 19, which is, essentialy, one SS under three names, with different directions and weather, and slightly altered decorations (like wacky haircuts in 1970s). Therefore, six historic rallies mean just six special stages. Neat.Īrchival footage is a great reward for successes in 50th Anniversary Mode. the victory of Renault Alpine A110 in 1973 Acropolis Rally), awarding players with some interesting information and archival footage from the era. It’s an alternative for the standard Career a series of time trials inspired by famous, real events (e.g. World Rally Championship is now 50 years old and KT Racing is celebrating the occasion with new 50th Anniversary Mode. outdated graphics and other issues inherited from previous games (as well as some new ones).īut if you’ve played WRC 9 already… well, then it depends on your love for the history of motorsport when deciding whether you should buy the tenth installment or not.there is still room for important improvements in physics. ![]() lazy and greedy policy of adding new content.…but it should have more varied stages and balanced difficulty.Anniversary Mode is a valued addition to the Career….engaging and rich Career mode (with several new features).great special stages, more diverse than ever due to addition of historic rallies.driving is still pure joy, especially in 4WD cars on gravel.
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![]() There are ample demonstrations to appreciate his theory of light and gravity. In an adjacent building, filled with school students, there is a facility to perform experiments to understand Newton’s laws of motion. ![]() In 2010, a small chunk of the tree was sent to outer space to allow it to experience zero gravity. It has decayed, split, regrown, and made way for thousands of souvenirs all over the world. ![]() (Of course, this tale is dismissed by experts today, who say that he had been pondering over gravity much before an apple fell on his head.) As the tale goes, this is the place where an apple falling on his head led to Newton’s discovery of gravity and changed the path of science. The famous apple tree is just outside the house. In this room, you can see Newton’s walking stick and a lock of his hair. His adjacent bedroom has a broad bed, white sheets, a jug on the side-table and, of course, his books and research. In the next room, on a table with lenses and prisms, is where Newton conducted his experiments on light. You’ll find Newton’s study here, with papers scattered over the table, a jacket hung on the chair, and the telescope he built better than Galileo before him. The first floor is where the scientific breakthroughs were made. On the ground floor is simply a kitchen with a dining table and utensils of the time. On a tour of the museum, we were taken to every room in the house. I was elated – my book is exhibited at the birthplace of Newton! It has been preserved with other material with a glass cover on top. On the top-right corner of a large table on display was a copy of my book. On hearing this, a staff member led me upstairs. I remarked that I had presented another book to the museum in the past, a Kannada book entitled Sir Isaac Newton (Vasantha Prakashana, 2014). The staff gathered for the occasion and were excited to run through its pages. While there, I presented to the museum my latest book on the accomplished scientist, Isaac Newton (Prism Books, 2017). Today, Woolsthorpe Manor has become a museum managed by the UK National Trust. He was not yet 30.Īfter the plague subsided, he returned to Cambridge. Further, he invented calculus which has become an essential tool for scientists and engineers.Īll these within this building and those two years he called his ‘Annus Mirabilis’ or miraculous years (1665 – 67). This was one of the earliest experiments carried out in optics. ![]() Then he placed an inverted prism across the dispersed light and confirmed that the seven colours unite to give white light. He placed a prism in the path of light entering a window, discovering that it dispersed into seven colours. He dwelled on gravity and consolidated his views. However, he chose to pursue his interest in mathematics and physics. He could have spent his days without a care in the world the family was quite rich. Soon after, the plague broke out and schools and colleges were closed. His mother wished that he would continue to stay on and look after the family estate, but he ignored her wishes and joined Trinity College in Cambridge. This was the place where gravity, the structure of white light, and calculus were born. This was not just the birthplace of Newton, born here in 1842. The house is set in a typical English village with around twenty other houses. A 20-minute cab ride from there brought us to Woolsthorpe Manor. My wife Usha and I hopped on to a train to Grantham (the constituency of ex-Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher), some 160 kilometres from London. Just before lockdown this year, I had the opportunity to visit Woolsthorpe Manor, the birthplace of Isaac Newton. In London, Paris and Vienna I have visited memorials to scientists, poets and thinkers. I love exploring Europe where every step has history. ![]() Xbox One / Xbox Series X: Y, LEFT, RIGHT, RIGHT, X, RT, RB.PS4 / PS5: TRIANGLE, LEFT, RIGHT, RIGHT, SQUARE, R2, R1.Turns out people are surprisingly flammable in GTA 5 Slowmo Every time they hit something you'll get a little burst of flames and, if whatever you hit is flammable, it'll catch fire. Xbox One / Xbox Series X: LB, RB, X, RB, LEFT, RT, RB, LEFT, X, RIGHT, LB, LBĪs the name suggests this GTA 5 cheat makes your bullets set things on fire.PS4 / PS5: L1, R1, SQUARE, R1, LEFT, R2, R1, LEFT, SQUARE, RIGHT, L1, L1.Super useful if you really need to kill absolutely everything in your line of sight. Otherwise known as the Bang Bang cheat in GTA 5, this will give you explosive bullets that detonate whenever they hit anything. Xbox One / Xbox Series X: RIGHT, X, A, LEFT, RB, RT, LEFT, RIGHT, RIGHT, LB, LB, LB.PS4 / PS5: RIGHT, SQUARE, X, LEFT, R1, R2, LEFT, RIGHT, RIGHT, L1, L1, L1.Not only will kit let you squeeze of shots at your leisure but it can be cycled through three levels each time you enter it. If you want to get some slow motion action when you aim then this is the GTA 5 cheat for you. Xbox One / Xbox Series X: X, LT, RB, Y, LEFT, X, LT, RIGHT, A.PS4 / PS5: SQUARE, L2, R1, TRIANGLE, LEFT, SQUARE, L2, RIGHT, X.The ability to throw explosive punches that create massive explosions on contact with whatever they hit is always going to be fun. Xbox One / Xbox Series X: RIGHT, LEFT, A, Y, RB, B, B, B, LT.PS4 / PS5: RIGHT, LEFT, X, TRIANGLE, R1, CIRCLE, CIRCLE, CIRCLE, L2.It's fun for a while but you'll be switching it off as soon as you try to do anything remotely constructive. The Moon Gravity cheat is just floaty chaos where everything drifts helplessly from the slightest knock. Xbox One / XboX Series X: LEFT, LEFT, LB, RB, LB, RIGHT, LEFT, LB, LEFT.PS4 / PS5: LEFT, LEFT, L1, R1, L1, RIGHT, LEFT, L1, LEFT.You can also hold jump to go higher if you want. If want a little super human power then this Jump cheat lets you leap miles into the air. ![]()
It “intelligently maps the contours and features of the face and retouches skin accordingly.” Pretty Sweet. It employs ClearSkin 5 technology, which appears akin to the somewhat laborious process of frequency separation, except in this case, it’s instantaneous and easily adjusted. The Skin Smoothing was great in previous builds, but preserves more detail now. Users can fine-tune the outlines by moving control points, though that’s rarely necessary. ![]() The superstar of PortraitPro has always been its advanced AI-powered facial recognition, and Anthropics has managed to improve upon it yet again. They’re short and sweet, and even experienced users of PortraitPro can benefit from the few minutes it takes to review them, if only to see what a likely “sweet spot” for a particular slider might be. After each short descriptive video is the opportunity to click through new interactive tutorials for the main features. ![]() I jumped into the standalone application, and almost skipped the “Getting Started” and “Learn More” sections on the homescreen, but I’m glad I didn’t. There are three versions of PortraitPro 19: Standard, Studio, and Studio Max (reviewed here). I’ll cover the important updates in this review, but for a more complete overview of the awesome capabilities of this software, refer to my reviews of earlier versions ( PortraitPro 18, PortraitPro 17, and PortraitPro 15) and Sean McCormack’s comprehensive look at using version 18 as a Lightroom plug-in in Issue 49 of Lightroom Magazine. Cool Additions to Already Great Software Interactive Tutorials Jump-Start NewbiesĮvery year I get excited when asked to review PortraitPro, so naturally I’m enjoying my test run of PortraitPro 19 Studio Max. ![]() The area is forested with Douglas fir and pine trees. This is a great place to camp on your way to the coast. The Miami Bar Boating Site is on the beautiful Illinois River outside the tiny town of Selma in southern Oregon. Boondocking Sites in Oregon Miami Bar Boating Site Explore the mountains to discover waterfalls, hot springs, and mountain lakes where the fishing is splendid. You could go into populated areas like Portland or Eugene to see the fun and interesting attractions and then travel a short way into the forest to camp. There are tons of lakes and rivers where you can fish and hike. Southern Oregon has plenty of wilderness rich in forested areas. In northern Oregon, it rains a lot, and there is a higher population. The eastern side of the state is more remote with lots of high mountain desert and sparser vegetation. On the western side of the state, you are greeted with thick forests and mountainous areas. The state boasts mild temperatures, beautiful scenery, and a wide variety of environments depending on which area you visit. Stay tuned for more Oregon Coast adventures as we slowly make our way back to Vancouver Island for the summer.Oregon is a prime area for boondocking. I enjoyed the beautiful break in the weather, but soon our walk was cut short by an incoming storm front, so it was back to the warm confines of the RV for breakfast before hitting the road. The next morning I woke up early and took the beagle out for a walk on the gorgeous beach without another soul in sight, Angie had a blast running off leash. We have a restful night lulled to sleep by the rain and crashing surf. ![]() However, I don’t know that this particular pullout is considered a highway rest stop or not so staying there could result in a knock by the police at the door or a fine. Most of the coastal highway pullouts have signs that read “No Camping” or “Overnight Parking,” but this one doesn’t. But being a quiet stretch of road and a rainy, foggy Sunday night was worth it. It was a risk being so close to the highway and not knowing if overnight parking was allowed. It was awesome to be all warm and cozy in our home on wheels watching natures power and beauty on full display.Īs the day wound down, I decided to overnight at this small viewpoint along Highway 101. Knowing some foul weather was in store we pulled over at one of the viewpoints and set up the rig for some storm watching. This time of year the traffic is light, and many times you will have the whole beach to yourself. It’s been used in countless commercials because of the stunning backdrop. Myers Creek Beach is one of the prettiest stretches of highway on the entire Oregon Coast. Rather than spend another $32 to sit in the trailer, we decided to move a bit northward to a little Oregon coast highway viewpoint above Myers Creek Beach. *Overnighting at Myers Creek Beach on Highway 101*Īfter two nights at the Beachfront RV park, the weather was about to get wetter as another coastal storm moved in. ![]() The vibe was mellow without all the vacation crowds. We visited in mid-April during the offseason. It was relaxing to stroll along the docks checking out the activity of the commercial boats, browse the gift shops and grab a seafood lunch at one of the many restaurants. Also, we were basically all on our own compared to being in a row of tightly packed rigs with the public beach parking blocking the views.Īnother perk of the RV park is the proximity to the Brookings Harbor district. I actually preferred the river views which had lots of wildlife and boat traffic to observe. Sure we didn’t get a view of the ocean but were literally steps away. ![]() Being that boondocking is second nature to us we gladly setup there. However, they do have a dry camping area situated along the Chetco River for a cheaper nightly rate of $32. The Beachfront RV Park in Brookings is one example with full hookup beachfront sites going for $51 a night even in the offseason. Most of the opportunities are limited to private parks, and the rates are high. Most of the state parks are behind dunes or in the coastal forests for shelter. So we changed our minds and went with the second choice: the Beachfront RV Park down in the Brookings Harbor area.įunny enough finding camping right on a beach in Oregon is harder than one might think. Unfortunately, the campground was under heavy construction leaving only a few sites open. We love the Oregon State Parks and were eager to camp at a new one. My first choice for camping was Harris Beach State Park. This spring we decided to make a point of staying a few nights. We’ve driven through Brookings numerous times on previous trips, but only every stopped briefly for fuel. See my 2017/18 Snowbird Trip Video Playlist – Īs we hit the home stretch of our 2017/18 snowbird adventures, we found ourselves on southern Oregon coast in the town of Brookings. even just swapping heads, torsos, and legs between the models would be a fun and simple customization.ĥ. multi-kills, sticky headshots, edge throws, flags scored/stopped, times killed by each NPC type (f’ing ninjas), stats stats stats!Ĥ. stats for my player profile! geeks love stats. (some time after all the bugs are fixed and you’ve taken care of, like, real life stuff…)ģ. i may have only seen this with regular bombs, but i’m not entirely sure. why don’t PCs throw a bomb sometimes? nothing ruins round 5 of Pro Onslaught quite like a bomb going off in your hands – a bomb that you were frantically pressing “throw” for. adjusting the running delay before full power is reached would work with the current system, but have you tried basing distance on how long the throw button is pressed? the trackpad or right analog would make an interesting control for throw direction and distance – and you could throw in one direction while walking in another.Ģ. ![]() throwing distance control: my buddies and i find it tricky to get an intermediate toss with the OUYA controller, especially with a quick shot. the OUYA got wonky shortly after that, so… yeah.ġ. this is probably an OUYA problem, but i had a crash when i plugged in a USB keyboard. Having played this for a couple nights, only on co-op, i suggest these priorities:Ĭrash: keyboard devices. i got hooked and bought it the first night, and now i can’t wait to hook up a bunch of devices for party mayhem. The “controller hub” mac, wouldn’t need to display anything on the screen as it could just send the buttons pressed across to the host.įantastic game – and impressive given the solo coding effort! it’s really nice to see more games on OUYA that are fairly polished and not “retro” (there are fun retro games, sure, but we need diversity). It would be great if we could have a second mac to plug controllers/keyboards into that could then connect to the mac running bombsquad as a set of external controllers to make it easier to play with large numbers. One problem we experienced yesterday when we tried to play with upwards of 8 people was that quite a few were used to playing with an Xbox controller but we couldn’t host more than 4 controllers on a single mac (or more than two keyboards). I believe you’re currently focussed on networked play at the moment (is there any eta), but was wondering if you’d looked into using another mac as a controller (similar to the mobile apps), or even as a “controller hub”. I saw that the game modes and maps are currently written/supported with little (Python?) scripts and I think that would be a great way to expand the game. Great, sounds awesome! I can’t wait to be able to contribute content to the game! Thanks again from all of us, and lastly, we all <3 the cook! best character by far. (maybe on both their screens?) that would be epic. Also, a few of my friends just bought the game on our macs, and we would love to see an intergration where we could connect our mac to someone elses as a controller. If anything, we would love to see a few new characters, as there are so many of us playing and we all have similar characters! (maybe a cool Robot? Or a Star Wars Stormtrooper? Gorilla? ![]() ![]() I play it at school and literally EVERYBODY loves playing it.Įric, from all of us thank-you for making such an awesome/amazing game, and even continuing to update it constantly with more awesome stuff! We love the new TNT boxes and mines!!! The way it allows iPhones and controllers to join makes it so addictive to play with a group of friends. It is packed with endless fun that anyone can play. I have played so many games on my Playstation 3 and Mac (COD, Battlefield, etc.), but honestly this game beats them all. ![]() Songsheet Generator: I couldnt get the chord shapes to show in ukulele mode, but you might be more. Hit the give me another button to try the next one. Ukulele Tabs, Tips, Chords and News Online. If you’re looking for a bit of inspiration on what to play, load up the page and check out the progression that it gives you. Ok I made this one too but it seemed like a good place to put it. Something which is really alluring is that I use to play a long list of my favorite songs using ukulele chord progressions, daily. Nothing But Great Ukulele Chord Progressions In addition to more than 1,000,000,000 chords and fingering options, it integrates many other interlocking tools: Tuner, Metronome, Scales, Songbook. Songsheet Generator and ChordPro I use Songsheet Generator to make my song sheets: Songsheet Generator is an application which prints songsheets and songbooks for home, small group, or large group overhead use. If you’re playing a chord but you’ve no idea what it’s called, you can select the frets and it will tell you (if it exists). Yep, it’s another chord finder, ah but wait, Uke Buddy has a pretty handy chord namer for all you experimental types. If you’re not sure how to play a chord or are looking to beef up your chord vocabulary, head this way. Nirvana Smells Like Teen Spirit Ukulele with Songsheet. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Ukulele Chords has the largest library of ukulele chords around, also has a bunch of PDFs for most common chords, must-know chords etc etc. The ukulele is a four-stringed Hawaiian instrument in the lute family with roots in the island of Madeira in Press J to jump to the feed. You’ll never wonder which chord to play next again! Ukulele Chords Working with the circle of fifths this tool to help you find ukulele chords that sound great together does exactly what it says on the tin. Ok I made this one but I figured it’s probably pretty useful for someone out there. Pretty handy! Find Ukulele Chords That Sound Great Together Works really well and you can print your song sheets out to PDF. ![]() ![]() UkeGeek’s Song-o-matic editor allows you to put song sheets together quickly simply by typing out lyrics and chord names in plain text. It’s also got a pretty cool play along feature that shows you the chords in a kind of karaoke style so you can get some practice in. The chord finder shows you multiple positions for each chord and works for baritone too. I seem to be forever trawling the internet in search of new things to help out ukulele players (myself included) – here’s some of the best online ukulele tools that I’ve found on my travels…ĭon’t be fooled by the low-fi graphics on this tool, it’s actually brilliant. ![]() There is a simple slider on/off switch, one knob for volume, one for tone. Laid out simply, the amp produces twelve watts with either 6v6 or 6aq5 preamp tubes. Having said this, there are a lot worse guitars out there, and as well as being historically important, the 1820 bass can certainly provide the goods when required. The Musicmaster Bass amp is a great way to get good tone from an honest vintage Fender tube amp without needing to take out a bank loan. It features a short 30 in (762 mm) scale. ![]() Production of the Fender Musicmaster bass ceased in 1983. It was also available as part of a set with the 12w single 12' speaker Fender Musicmaster bass amp. As with its six-string counterpart, which was a stripped-down version of the Fender Mustang, the Musicmaster Bass is a simpler version of the Mustang Bass. Initially available in red, white, or blue finishes, but also black and white, from the mid 1970s. List your Fender Musicmaster Bass 2-Channel 12-Watt 1x12' Bass Combo 1970 - 1980 today to get it in front of thousands of eyes, quickly and easily. Over the course of the 70s, the Japanese output improved dramatically, and in many ways these early 70s models are a low point for the brand. The Fender Musicmaster Bass is a model of electric bass guitar, produced by Fender between 19. These new Epiphones were based on existing Matsumoku guitars, sharing body shapes, and hardware, but the Epiphone line was somewhat upgraded, with inlaid logos and a 2x2 peghead configuration. When Fender released the Musicmaster Bass amp in 1970, they wanted to design something for bass players playing. The Matsumoku factory had been producing guitars for export for some time, but the 1820 bass (alongside a number of guitar models and the 5120 electric acoustic bass) were the first Epiphone models to be made there. History has a funny way of repeating itself. Having said this, there are a lot worse guitars out there, and as well as being historically important, the 1820 bass can certainly provide the goods when required.By the end of the 1960s, a decision had been made to move Epiphone guitar production from the USA (at the Kalamazoo plant where Gibson guitars were made), to Matsumoto in Japan, creating a line of guitars and basses significantly less expensive than the USA-built models (actually less than half the price). Over the course of the 70s, the Japanese output improved dramatically, and in many ways these early 70s models are a low point for the brand. Fender Style Musicmaster Bass Eyelet Fiberboard Tube Amp Parts USA Caps On Board 17.95 3.95 shipping or Best Offer 073-5250-402 Fender Musicmaster/Bronco/Mustang Bass Strings 5250 Short Scale (16) 24.99 Free shipping Fender Style Musicmaster Bass Eyelet Fiberboard Tube Amp Parts USA Vintage Board 17.95 3. These new Epiphones were based on existing Matsumoku guitars, sharing body shapes, and hardware, but the Epiphone line was somewhat upgraded, with inlaid logos and a 2x2 peghead configuration. This Fender Musicmaster Bass with its short 30 scale and punchy single coil sounding pickup is in very good original condition. Fields joined Fender R&D in 1961 and had worked on instruments including the PS-210 keyless pedal steel, Mustang Bass, Musicmaster Bass, Bronco guitar and the aborted '60s version of the Marauder guitar. 1976 Fender Musicmaster Bass Short Scale Olympic White w/OHSC Setup and inspected by our luthier FREE Shipping in the continental USA SAME DAY. The Matsumoku factory had been producing guitars for export for some time, but the 1820 bass (alongside a number of guitar models and the 5120 electric acoustic bass) were the first Epiphone models to be made there. In the early 1970s, CBS wanted to use up old Coronado stock and enlisted Fender designer Gene Fields to do so. 2013 Fender Bass Guitar Owner's Manual Fender Guitars and Basses 1992 Fender Guitars and Basses 1998 Fender Guitars and Basses 2003 Jazz Bass: Contemporary Jazz and Performer Basses (Japan 1985) Jazz Bass (1980) Jazz Bass Special (Japan 1987) Power Jazz Bass (Japan 1987) Standard Jazz Bass (Japan 1987) U.S. By the end of the 1960s, a decision had been made to move Epiphone guitar production from the USA (at the Kalamazoo plant where Gibson guitars were made), to Matsumoto in Japan, creating a line of guitars and basses significantly less expensive than the USA-built models (actually less than half the price). ![]() These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. And - best of all - it won’t cost lots of brass to do! Print Or Save ‘How To Age Brass and Bronze With Salt and Vinegar’ For Later Particularly when I know that the best - and easiest method of how to age brass is the one above. And, even, ageing brass with oven cleaner.Īll of these methods seem questionable to me. ![]() I’ve read loads of different ways of how to make shiny brass matte everything from ageing brass with coffee, how to blacken brass by baking in the oven. And also with the faded pink that I’ve used in our guest room.Īnd I especially love the fact that it barely cost anything. The patina goes beautifully with the soft green paintwork of the kitchen cupboards. I love our aged bronze and brass handles. But, personally, I love a more lived in, vintage look. I think it looks absolutely gorgeous! I’m sure there are lots of people who love the shiny brass (or bronze) finish handles on kitchen furniture. How to make shiny brass matte in one easy step! How to Age Bronze With Salt and Vinegar Some of my handles went quite pink, in areas, but they toned down when I gave them a rub with my wire brush. If there are any areas that you’re not happy with, give them a little buff with a wire brush or wire wool. When you’re happy with the colour and patina of the metal, take it out of the salt and vinegar solution and give it a good rinse under the tap and dry thoroughly.ħ. Every hour or so, you should turn the item.Ĭoat it in the salt and vinegar solution and make sure one area isn’t sitting in the solution and turning much darker than the others.Īlthough, to be honest, I really like the patina that it gives.Ħ. When you’ve covered the entire surface with a layer of the salt and vinegar solution, pop the item into your container and put on the lid.ĥ. Next, dip your paintbrush in the brass ageing solution and paint it all over the bronze or brass that you’d like to age.Ĥ. Again - there’s no hard or fast rule for the amount - just add a few sprinkles, then slosh it all around so the salt dissolves in the vinegar.ģ. You just need enough to cover the bottom.Ģ. I never bother to measure how much - it changes depending on the size of the container. Pour a little vinegar in the bottom of your container.Household vinegar white, malt, red/white wine, apple-cider - they all work! How To Age Brass and Bronze With Vinegar and Salt If you’d like to find out how to age brass and bronze with vinegar and salt, just follow these simple steps. You’ll have to lightly sand off the surface coating first, using wire wool. Make sure the brass or bronze that you plan to treat is unlacquered. ![]() Just one word of warning before you start. I remembered that, years ago, I used to age brass belt buckles using just salt and vinegar so I decided to apply the same process to the kitchen hardware I’d bought. In the end, I decided against brass and went for polished bronze kitchen handles from Yesterhome. We’re finally getting to the end of our house renovation and funds are low especially with Christmas on the horizon! The pre-aged versions were way too much brass for me!Īnd some of the cheaper aged brass options looked, well, cheap. But all of the ones I saw online were so expensive. I’d set my heart on aged brass handles and knobs. We’ve been having the kitchen fitted over the last few weeks and I’ve been choosing all the hardware.
It is an important element as A-site dopant or ingredient in perovskite-type electrodes and catalysts 2, 3, 4. It has a very low electronegativity (1.0), thus tending to be readily ionized as Sr 2+ to react with oxygen and H 2O in air 1. ![]() Strontium is an alkaline earth metal that has two electrons in the outer valence shell. This study paves the way for designing and developing 1D architecture of alkaline earth metal carbonates by a simple method without external additives at room temperature. The anisotropic growth habit is found to be affected by the kinetics of carbonation. X-ray diffraction simulation and transmission electron microscopy identify the preferred-orientation plane of the 1D nanostructures as the (002) plane, i.e., the growth along the c-axis. The existence of intermediate SrHO +–OCO 2 2− phase indicates the interaction of CO 3 2− with SrOH + in Sr(OH) x(H 2O) y cluster to orient strontianite crystals. Water molecules cause not only the exsolution of Sr liquid droplets on the surface but also the uptake of airborne CO 2 followed by its ionization to CO 3 2−. Using in situ Raman spectroscopy, we monitored the structural evolution from hydrated strontium to strontianite nanorods, demonstrating the epitaxial growth by vapor–liquid–solid mechanism. ![]() ![]() Here, we show that trace water also serves an important role in forming and structuring vertically oriented strontianite nanorod arrays on strontium compounds. Basic additives in aqueous strontium solutions is commonly used in controlling strontianite nanostructures. Morphology-controlled strontianite nanostructures have attracted interest in various fields, such as electrocatalyst and photocatalysts. |
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